![]() ![]() The worldwide resurgence of dengue fever, the introduction of West Nile virus into New York City in 1999, the rapid spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in Russia, and the global spread of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) are but a few examples of the profound effects of globalizing forces on the emergence, distribution, and spread of infectious diseases. As people, products, food, and capital travel the world in unprecedented numbers and at historic speeds, so, too, do the myriad of disease-causing microorganisms. ![]() Although the new global arena has created economic opportunities and growth, the benefits have not been equally distributed, and the risks-especially the health risks-of this increasingly interconnected and fast-paced world continue to grow. ![]() The fall of the Berlin Wallin 1989 marked the beginning of the disappearance of old borders and a new global era of unparalleled human movement and interaction.
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